How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

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How is endometrial cancer diagnosed?

Endometrial cancer can be diagnosed by using endometrial biopsy or by dilatation and curettage (D & C) of the uterus. Both procedures can be effective.
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An endometrial biopsy is usually done in your doctor's office. It involves inserting a very thin suction device into your uterus to remove a bit of the lining. This sample is then tested in a lab to check it for cancer.

General anesthesia (puts you in a sleep-like state) isn't needed, but you may be given a mild sedative to help you relax. You may have cramping or spotting after the procedure. Your doctor may give you medicine for these problems.

Pregnant women should not have an endometrial biopsy. Tell your doctor if you think you could be pregnant.


A D & C can be done in your doctor's office or as an outpatient procedure at the hospital. It involves dilating (stretching) the cervix (the opening to the uterus) and then scraping or suctioning out the entire lining of the uterus. The lining is then sent to a lab to be tested.

You may be given either a local anesthetic (numbing medicine) or general anesthesia for a D & C. This procedure is highly useful in diagnosing endometrial cancer. D & C can sometimes even be helpful as a treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding because it may remove the tissue that is causing problems.

You may bleed for a short while after a D & C, and you may notice some cramping. Your doctor may suggest that you not use tampons during this time and that you avoid sex for a short while.

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