Diagnosis and Staging of Primary Liver Cancer

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Diagnosis and Staging of Primary Liver Cancer

Usually you begin by seeing your family doctor (GP), who will examine you and arrange for any tests or x-rays that may be necessary. Your GP will refer you to a hospital specialist for these tests and for expert advice and treatment.

  • You will have a physical examination and a blood test.
  • Your doctor may arrange for you to have one or more of the following tests: a liver ultrasound scan, an abdominal CT (computerised tomography) scan, an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scan, a test to outline the blood supply in the liver (hepatic arteriography) or a liver biopsy.
Staging

The 'stage' of a cancer is a term used to describe its size and whether it has spread beyond its original site. Knowing the particular type and the stage of the cancer helps the doctors to decide on the most appropriate treatment.

Cancer can spread in the body, either in the bloodstream or through the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is part of the body’s defence against infection and disease. The system is made up of a network of lymph glands (also known as lymph nodes) that are linked by fine ducts containing lymph fluid. Your doctors will usually check the lymph nodes close to the liver to help find the stage of your cancer.

Stage 1 The cancer is no bigger than 2cm in size, and has not begun to spread.

Stage 2 The cancer is affecting blood vessels in the liver, or there is more than one tumour in the liver.

Stage 3A The cancer is bigger than 5cm in size or has spread to the blood vessels near the liver.

Stage 3B The cancer has spread to nearby organs, such as the bowel or the stomach, but has not spread to the lymph nodes.

Stage 3C The cancer can be of any size and has spread to nearby lymph nodes.

Stage 4 The cancer has spread to parts of the body further away from the liver, such as the lungs.

If the cancer comes back after initial treatment this is known as recurrent cancer.

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Prostate Cancer: Diagnosis and Staging of Primary Liver Cancer Cancer - Prostate . org
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